I Am Batticaloa

The Veddah Elder

Byron Unmani

Byron Unmani was an elder in the Veddah community of Vaharai. Displaced several times, they had to adapt to their new environment, and were now fishermen, living off the sea when they once lived off the forest, hence their name, the ‘Sea Veddahs’.  He talks about the loss of the native language of the community of Sri Lanka's indigenous inhabitants or Wanniyala-a-Aetto literally 'forest-dwellers' as they call themselves.
Interview language: English
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English

Subjects discussed

Our ancestors were hunters

My name is Byron Unmani. I was born…These things come naturally in Tamil…saying how old you are and things. I was born in 1926. Now I am 86 years old. Today a gentleman has come with his assistant to meet me…to interview me and to take my photograph.

Our ancestors were hunters. We learned Tamil in school. But our own language is different. The hunter’s language is a different language. It doesn’t have a script. It’s disappearing. And today, our children don’t know hat language. They only learned Tamil. They only speak Tamil. That’s why we are now considered Tamils. But we have been hunters for generations.

My mother and father have passed away. They didn’t know Tamil. They spoke only our language. The Veddah language.  As far as I can remember they wore clothes made of fabric. But before that I heard that they used to cover themselves with different parts of the tree. I haven’t seen that myself.

During our time, people knew Tamil and began to speak to others easily. Before that, our people would run into the jungle as soon as they saw a stranger like you! They wouldn’t hang around.

The elders would collect honey from the forest. If they brought any back with them, then the others would eat. One or two would take the honey into town to sell. They might buy some rice with that money and bring back some to the village. Otherwise, we would mix the honey with sweet corn and manioc and eat that. These things I know.

We moved to Mavadi Odai from Mankerni because of the cyclone. Because of the tsunami, we moved from Mavadi Odai to here. We fish for a living now. We catch fish, dry it and sell it. This is how we lead our life now. This is all I know.

Our way of life is very different from the old days. We are more developed now. We weren’t civilised then. This is the main difference. I don’t know anything else. Our way of life has changed a lot. Our girls are modern now. In those days, they wore only a small piece of cloth around their waist and another piece around their neck. That’s it. Now everyone is happy and dresses neatly.

It wasn’t like this those days. Women would wear the saree but without a blouse. I don’t miss those days. Actually, I’m glad that I’m alive to see these changes. In those days, we didn’t change.

We learnt these songs from our elders. We used to sign with them. These songs will live on. But our children won’t be able to sing them. They won’t be able to speak our language properly. If our language fades away, I would be upset. It would make me sad.

About this portrait

Recorded: September 18, 2013
First published: March 17, 2023
Last edited: November 7, 2023

Comments

  1. Kannan Arunasalam
    September 18, 2013 at 05:42 pm
    I met Byron Unmani just once, in early 2012 to interview him for the I Am project. Three months passed and I wanted to give him and his family prints of the photographs I had taken on my last visit. But I was too late. He had passed away. I returned to Vaharai where I met his daughter. She remembered me and told me the sad news. In the one room house where he once lived, I noticed that there was no photo of him on the walls. I was used to Hindu homes where a picture of the deceased family member hangs on the wall, garlanded and smeared with holy ash. How did the Veddahs remember their dead? The daughter explained that she had no photo of her father to hang so I offered to organise a larger print, framed so it could be put up on the wall. The daughter gladly accepted.

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